ISAICAI Information Systems Audit

In What Year Was The Geiger Counter Invented

2010-12-31T16:19:00.000-08:00

Geiger counters are instruments used to detect if objects are giving off nuclear radiation. They do this by measuring the amount of ionizing radiation. Alpha, beta, and gamma are the three types of ionizing nuclear radiation that the Geiger counters can detect. These devices are used primarily in the fields of physics, medicine, industry, and astronomy. They are also used to test the levels of radioactivity near nuclear power plants and can check for radiation in areas where uranium ammunition shells have been used.

Many people wonder in what year was the Geiger counter invented? The Geiger counter was created in 1908 by a man named Hans Geiger. The first device was only able to detect alpha particles and was not able to detect ionizing radiation until 1928. In 1947 a modern version of the Geiger counter was invented by a man named Sidney H. Liebson. These models are the ones that are currently being used today.

Who Invented Twix

2010-12-30T15:30:00.000-08:00

Twix is a popular candy confection manufactured by Mars Incorporated. This candy bar is smaller than others and usually comes packaged in pairs. They consist of a delicious caramel covered biscuit finger dipped in milk chocolate. Forrest Mars Sr. was the man who invented Twix candy bars in the 1930s. It was originally manufactured in the United Kingdom and did not make its way to the United States until 1979. In European countries the candy bar was called Raider, and when it came to the United States it was renamed the Twix Cookie Bar.

The gold wrapping of the Twix bar added to its popularity. Mars Incorporated also tested out different variations of the candy bar to increase its appeal in different parts of the world. Peanut butter was the first variation of the candy bar and other variations include Twix Miniatures, Chocolate Fudge Twix, and Twix Tea Breaks. In 2008 the company released a limited edition version of Twix called Twix Java. This bar consisted of a dark chocolate cookie covered with coffee flavored caramel and milk chocolate.

Who Invented The Stereo Microscope

2010-12-28T13:23:00.000-08:00

The stereo microscope is essentially two compound microscopes designed to view samples at low magnification using light illumination. These two microscopes allow the sample to be viewed at the exact same point but at different angles. These angles allow the sample to be viewed in three dimensions. This microscope is typically used to perform work that requires a closer look such as dissection, watch-making, sorting, and microsurgery. They are also used to research the surface of solid specimens.

Horatio S. Greenough was the man who invented the stereo microscope. He was an American instrument designer and the son of a famous sculptor. In the 1890s Greenough submitted his stereo microscope plans to the Carl Zeiss Company. The company agreed to produce the microscope, but added an additional feature to the product that inverted prisms. His stereo microscope design became the forefather of the modern designs that followed. Greenough’s design has withstood the test of time and is still used for certain applications today.

Who Invented The First Kidney Dialysis Machine?

2010-12-27T15:10:00.000-08:00

Willem Johan Kolff was the man who invented the first kidney dialysis machine. Kolff was born in the Netherlands and attended Leiden University where he studied medicine. His father was doctor so as a child Kolff had a fear of watching his patients die. After graduating from Leiden University he experienced his fear and saw his own patient die due to kidney disease. It is believed that this is what led Kolff to begin focusing his time on developing artificial organs.

Kolff had little options to offer his patient who had passed. This frustrated him deeply and he sought out to find a solution to the problem. He began to experiment and create different artificial kidney machines. Due to lack of funding he moved to the United States where his ideas were more accepted. His work eventually led to the creation of the kidney dialysis machine which has saved the lives of thousands of people. Kolff passed away due to congestive heart failure on February 11, 2009. He was 97 years old.

Who Invented Laffy Taffy

2010-12-23T15:00:00.000-08:00

Laffy Taffy is a popular candy brand that consists of individually wrapped pieces of taffy available in different fruit flavors. Nestle was the company who invented laffy taffy in the 1970’s. Laffy Taffy is currently sold under the Willy Wonka Candy Company division of Nestle. Laffy taffy also gained popularity from the 2005 film “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.” The name laffy taffy refers to the actual texture of the candy itself and also to the silly and wonky fun it represents.

Each individual piece of laffy taffy has a joke printed on it to bring laughter to the people while they enjoy their taffy. Children send in their jokes to Nestle and if their joke is chosen it is printed on the wrapper with their names. Laffy taffy comes in rectangular shaped pieces and currently they also come in cords or ropes. The various flavors of Laffy Taffy are blue raspberry, cherry, strawberry, sour apple, grape, and banana.

Who Invented Gene Splicing

2010-12-21T11:40:00.000-08:00

The process in which strands of DNA are cut into pieces and spliced together is referred to as gene splicing. The strands of DNA are chemically cut using restriction enzymes. Restriction enzymes are used to cut specific base pair sequences of DNA only. There are thousands of these enzymes since strands of DNA vary. The restriction enzyme cuts the DNA at the specific base pair location which secludes that particular strand of DNA. They then add another DNA sequence to this strand and create the protein product of the new gene. The DNA strands that are combined are usually from various organisms.

Herb Boyer and Stanley Cohen were the men who invented gene splicing in 1973. They placed a gene from a toad called a Xenopus into bacterial DNA. A year earlier a scientist named Paul Berg actually used gene splicing to create DNA molecules. He was actually the first scientist to splice together DNA strands from two different organisms together. His research made the discovery of restriction enzymes by Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Othanel Smith possible.

Who Invented The Snickers Bar

2010-12-20T11:53:00.000-08:00

Snickers is a popular candy bar manufactured by Mars Incorporated. Mars Incorporated manufactures various products all over the globe. Out of all their products they are most famous for their confectionery items such as the Mars bar, M&M’s, Skittles, Twix, and Snickers. The snickers bar is a delicious blend of milk chocolate filled with peanut nougat, caramel, and roasted peanuts.

Have you ever wondered who invented the snickers bar? The snickers bar was invented in 1930 by Frank C. Mars and his wife Ethyl Mars. They first snickers bars were sold in the United Kingdom and Ireland and were called Marathon bars instead of snickers. The name was officially changed in 1990 which increased the popularity of the candy bar. The name snickers originated from one of the family’s favorite horses. In the year 2000 Snickers became the best selling candy bar in history and was named the most popular candy bar in the world.

When Was Peanut Brittle Invented

2010-12-16T15:56:00.000-08:00

Peanut brittle is pieces of flat broken sugar candy embedded with peanuts. To make peanut brittle sugar and water must be heated to a temperate of around 300 degrees Fahrenheit. The peanuts are then added to the mixture and are poured out on a flat surface to cool. After the brittle cools down it is broken into separate pieces and is ready to serve.

So, when was peanut brittle invented? The answer to this question remains a mystery. There is no clear answer to how peanut brittle came about. There are a few possibilities that many experts argue about. One possibility is that peanut brittle was invented in New England in 1890 when a woman accidentally added baking soda into her taffy mixture.

Another possibility is that the Celts invented peanut brittle when they mixed peanuts and sugar. They cooked the mixture and found it tasted delicious. It then became a famous Celtic dessert that was served on special occasions and holidays. Although the origin of peanut brittle is unknown the basic ingredients that make up this delicious dessert will always remain the same.

Who Invented The Trash Compactor

2010-12-15T11:07:00.000-08:00

A trash compactor is a machine that can be used commercially or residentially to reduce the volume of trash. This machine has helped people reduce the amount of trash they have substantially, but have you wondered who invented the trash compactor? The answer may surprise you – there actually is not one single inventor of the trash compactor. There are actually multiple inventors who can be credited for the invention of this helpful tool.

The earliest trash compactor was designed by a man named M.S. Wells in 1941. His invention was only designed to compact oil cans only and was not created for trash. It is his device that created the set up that other trash compactors follow. Modern trash compactors were developed in the 1970’s. The parts used in the newer devices have become more powerful and have noise reduction features built in. These machines help to dispose of waste and help us get rid of massive amounts of trash.

Who Invented The Hollywood 48 Hour Diet

2010-12-14T15:45:00.000-08:00

The Hollywood 48 Hour Diet is drink that is used to replace meals for 48 hours. The drink is orange in color and is mixed with water and sipped on for four hours. This process is then repeated four times each day. If you are on the Hollywood diet you are not allowed to consume anything other than the mixture for 48 hours. The formula of the drink is mainly comprised of high vitamin fruit juice concentrates. It is a low calorie diet that cuts your calorie intake into just 400 calories a day. The idea is to produce a large amount of weight loss in a short amount of time.

Jamie Kabler was the man who invented the Hollywood 48 hour diet. He came up with the idea after visiting a European health spa that was assisting him in managing his weight. He wanted to create an affordable product that would help to detoxify your body which would ultimately lead to weight loss. In December of 1997 the Hollywood 48 Hour Diet hit shelves and it has been used by more than 10 million people since. The Hollywood Diet has now expanded to include other dietary items such as dietary supplements and the Hollywood Daily Miracle Diet Drink Mix Meal.

Who Invented The Chicken Nugget

2010-12-10T12:49:00.000-08:00

A majority of the population has eaten a chicken nugget at least once in their lifetime. There is no denying their deliciousness whether they are home cooked or picked up from a fast-food chain. So, who do we thank for this scrumptious meat product? We thank the man who invented the chicken nugget – Robert C. Baker.

Robert C. Baker was a professor of food science at Cornell University. He traveled the globe in search of new and innovative ways to eat chicken. He invented over 40 other poultry related items but he is best known for his invention of the chicken nugget. His innovations are what allowed chicken nuggets to be molded into different shapes. Baker can also be credited with finding a revolutionary new way to attach breading to chicken. Additionally he helped to invent a machine that debones chickens. His contributions to the poultry science made him a member of the American Poultry Hall of Fame.

invention of spring loaded roller shades

2010-12-09T15:43:00.000-08:00

A solid piece of fabric that moves up and down on a roller is known as a roller shade. There are two different types of roller shades available. Roller shades can be spring loaded or used with the traditional cord loop system. The invention of spring loaded roller shades can be credited to Stewart Hartshorn, who created and patented the spring-roller window shade.

Hartshorn was born August 28, 1840 and passed away on January 12, 1937. When he was 17 years old he went into business with his father to begin manufacturing the spring shade roller. His father passed away which left him in charge of the company. He headed the company for 77 years until the day of his death. The business grew to be very large and the Hartshorn shade beat out all of the other types of window shades on the market. This was due to the advertising ability and business initiative of the company.

Who Invented the Whoopee Cushion

2010-12-07T15:40:00.000-08:00

The Whoopee cushion is a practical joker’s best friend. It can also be referred to as a poo-poo cushion or a Razzberry cushion, but the most common name for it is Whoopee cushion. It is a very simple creation made up of only two pieces of rubber glued together. There is a small opening at one end for air to enter and leave. Using a Whoopee cushion is relatively simple. You just fill it with air and then place it somewhere for someone to sit on. When someone sits down the air releases mimicking the sound of flatulence.

It is a rather silly item which leads us to ask; who invented the whoopee cushion? The origins of the modern day whoopee cushion trace back to the year 1930. Employees of the JEM Rubber Co. located in Toronto, Canada were experimenting with scrap pieces of rubber. Upon inventing their creation the owner pitched the idea to a man who invented many practical joke items before. The man declined the item saying that it would not sell due to its vulgarity. JEM then pitched the Whoopee cushion to another company who loved it and went on to sell the item successfully.

Who Invented the Puzzle of the Tower of Hanoi

2010-12-06T09:33:00.001-08:00

The Tower of Hanoi is a math puzzle that consists of three rods and various sized discs. The puzzle starts off with all discs stacked on one rod in ascending order by size. The largest disc is placed on the bottom and is stacked up until the smallest disc remains on top. The object of the puzzle is to remove the entire stack of discs to another rod following a specific set of rules. The puzzle looks simple but do not let the appearance fool you; it is much harder to complete than it seems.

A French mathematician named Edourard Lucas was the one who invented the puzzle of the tower of Hanoi in 1883. There are many legends surrounding the inspiration of the puzzle. Some legends say that the puzzle was inspired by an ancient Indian temple, and other legends say the Flag Tower of Hanoi is the inspiration for the name. The exact reason for Lucas’s invention of the puzzle is still not known today.

Information Systems Audit

2010-11-21T10:44:00.000-08:00

An information systems audit is the process of going through a companies entire IT. This includes:

Employees
Every job that is handled by an employee that influences the information systems of a company is broken down into total tasks and hours taken to perform tasks. All tasks that take on a repetition are identified as being changes to an automated process run by a program.

Software
The software of the organization is identified along with the total cost. Free alternatives to paid software are identified as viable options to cut software costs.

Servers
The servers are looked at by cost and load. If there are 20 servers that take on very little load, then a consolidation is recommended.

Example of Management Information System

2010-11-21T10:37:00.000-08:00

A great example of one of today's greatest management information systems is Google. From the top level they organize their overall search that allows you to manage information and break it down into sub levels. Being able to sort through only pdf documents of Life magazine allows for a refined way to manage complex and basic information through a complicated system of servers and algorithms.

Definition of Financial Information System

2010-11-21T10:33:00.000-08:00

The definition of financial information system is simply the organization and structure of financial information. Financial information systems are used primarily by banks to keep track of everything from your personal bank account to complicated loan percentages to insure that the bank is turning a profit on your money.

Large corporations also use financial information system to keep track of expenses, payroll, and daily revenue fluctuations.

Evolution of Management Information System

2010-11-21T10:30:00.000-08:00

Over the past decade the evolution of management information system has been influenced by several factors. Here are the top factors of influence.

The Internet
As the internet has evolved so has the management information system. From the early start of Yahoo and the Netscape browser to the dominance of Google and the emergence of Mozilla, the information management system has benefited from the advances within the internet.

Email
The ability to send emails back and forth allowed information to be passed on and managed through the email and POP medium. This led to several advances within the structure and inbound systems.

Social Media
This is the next medium that will have significant influence. We are already seeing many breakthroughs in using APIs with both Facebook and Twitter that will change the landscape of management information systems.